SS‑31, also known by the name Elamipretide, is a synthetic tetrapeptide designed to target mitochondrial membranes and influence cellular bioenergetics. Structurally, it is composed of four amino acids arranged to preferentially accumulate in mitochondria, where it binds to cardiolipin — a key mitochondrial lipid — helping to stabilize membrane structure and support electron transport chain function. In laboratory research, SS‑31 is studied for its effects on mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and cellular metabolism, especially in models of aging, metabolic dysfunction, and mitochondrial impairment.
SS‑31 is typically supplied as a lyophilized (freeze‑dried) powder for controlled experimental use. Researchers reconstitute the peptide with a sterile solvent (e.g., sterile or bacteriostatic water) prior to adding it to cell culture, biochemical assays, or other in‑vitro systems. Its high purity ensures consistent results and minimal interference from contaminants, making it suitable for mechanistic studies involving mitochondria and oxidative pathways.
For storage, the unopened lyophilized peptide should be maintained in a cool, dry environment. Long‑term stability is best preserved at ‑20 °C or lower. After reconstitution, SS‑31 solutions are usually stored at 2 °C to 8 °C (refrigerator) and used within the time frame recommended by the supplier, avoiding repeated freeze/thaw cycles to protect peptide integrity.
A Certificate of Analysis (COA) is generally provided with each batch of SS‑31, confirming quality metrics such as purity percentage, identity verification, molecular weight confirmation, and storage recommendations, as well as batch/lot information for traceability.
SS‑31 is intended strictly for laboratory research use and is not FDA‑approved for clinical, therapeutic, or human use in this context. It is commonly employed in research examining mitochondrial biology, oxidative stress mechanisms, metabolic regulation, and potential avenues for supporting mitochondrial resilience in disease models.
